Open an app in Linux


Open an app in Linux

Open app

For example open firefox, we can type in terminal

firefox $
  • no need go to specific folder, can directly type this command in the terminal
  • The reason add $ at end is aim to run firefox at backend, so that the terminal will not be occupied by Firefox
  • if you forget type $, you can type Ctrl+Z and then type bg and return.

Close app

ps
  • show the currently running process
ps aux
  • is to show all the currently running process and their state
grep
  • it means search
grep evince
  • search for evince process
$ ps aux | grep evince     #查到evince的进程
  • |:管道符号,command1 |command2,将command1输出结果通过管道作为command2命令的输入参数.
$ kill -s 9 pid   #杀死进程号为PID的进程,例如:kill -9 6705

Some commands

ps命令 (Process Status)

ps aux‘output format

USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND

格式说明:

  • USER: 行程拥有者

  • PID: pid 就是这个程序的 ID

  • %CPU: 占用的 CPU 使用率

  • %MEM: 占用的记忆体使用率

  • VSZ: 占用的虚拟记忆体大小

  • RSS: 占用的记忆体大小

  • TTY: 终端的次要装置号码 (minor device number of tty)

  • STAT: 该行程的状态,linux的进程有5种状态:

    • D 不可中断 uninterruptible sleep (usually IO) (收到信号不唤醒和不可运行, 进程必须等待直到有中断发生)

    • R 运行 runnable (on run queue) (正在运行或在运行队列中等待)

    • S 中断 sleeping (休眠中, 受阻, 在等待某个条件的形成或接受到信号)

    • T 停止 traced or stopped (进程收到SIGSTOP, SIGSTP, SIGTIN, SIGTOU信号后停止运行运行)

    • Z 僵死 a defunct (”zombie”) process (进程已终止, 但进程描述符存在, 直到父进程调用wait4()系统调用后释放)

    • 注: 其它状态还包括W(无驻留页), <(高优先级进程), N(低优先级进程), L(内存锁页).

  • START: 进程开始时间

  • TIME: 执行的时间

  • COMMAND:所执行的指令


Author: Liang Junyi
Reprint policy: All articles in this blog are used except for special statements CC BY 4.0 reprint policy. If reproduced, please indicate source Liang Junyi !
  TOC